Olfactory stimulus as environmental enrichment for shelter dogs: a pilot study / Estímulo olfativo como enriquecimento ambiental para cães de abrigo: um estudo piloto

Environmental enrichment techniques include olfactory stimuli for improving animal welfare. This study aimed to analyze the reactions of 41 shelter dogs exposed to odorous stimuli, such as the method used in another study on wild canids. The focal animal method analyzed the dogs' reactions, with all behaviors recorded. Behavioral responses were classified as positive (P+), negative (N-), or other (Ot). Independent variables were all dogs and the size of the packs. The behavior between the basal (without stimulus), exposure, and after-stimulus withdrawal was analyzed. For all dogs, olfactory stimuli significantly increased P+ (P=0.001) and N- (P=0.004), contrasting with the decrement of Ot behaviors (P=0.001) from the basal to the exposure phase. After the withdrawal of the stimuli, P+, N-, and Ot behaviors returned to basal levels (P>0.05). There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the conduct of small or large packs exposed to stimuli. Dogs are sensitive to olfactory stimuli, but arousal is generalized to P+ and N-. It is undesirable to an N- increase for improvement of animal welfare. Contrary to what was observed in a study with wild canids, the method failed in shelter dogs because N- was increased. The introduction of sudden novelty (olfactory stimulus) in an impoverished shelter environment may have caused excitement in the dogs. It is suggested that changes in the method, such as stimuli exposition to each dog in an isolated room, are necessary to increase sheltered dog well-being.(AU)

As técnicas de enriquecimento ambiental incluem estímulos olfativos para aumentar o bem-estar animal. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as reações de 41 cães de abrigo expostos a estímulos odoríferos, como o método utilizado em outro estudo com canídeos selvagens. As reações dos cães foram analisadas pelo método animal focal, com todos os comportamentos registrados. As respostas comportamentais foram classificadas como positivas (P+), negativas (N-) ou outras (Ot). As variáveis independentes foram todos os cães e o tamanho das matilhas. Foi analisado o comportamento entre o basal (sem estímulo), exposição e após a retirada do estímulo. Para todos os cães, os estímulos olfativos aumentaram significativamente P+ (P=0,001) e N- (P=0,004), contrastando com a diminuição dos comportamentos Ot (P=0,001) da fase basal para a de exposição. Após a retirada dos estímulos, os comportamentos P+, N- e Ot retornaram aos níveis basais (P>0,05). Não houve diferenças significativas (P>0,05) no comportamento de matilhas pequenas ou grandes expostas a estímulos. Os cães são sensíveis a estímulos olfativos, mas a excitação parece ser generalizada para ambos, P+ e N-. É indesejável um aumento de N- para melhoria do bem-estar animal. Ao contrário do que foi observado em um estudo com canídeos selvagens, o método falhou em abrigar cães porque o N- foi aumentado. A introdução de uma novidade repentina (estímulo olfativo) em um ambiente de abrigo empobrecido, pode ter causado excitação exagerada nos cães. Sugere-se alterações no método, como a exposição de estímulos a cada cão em uma sala isolada necessária para aumentar o bem-estar do cão abrigado.(AU)

Psychosocial crisis intervention for coronavirus disease 2019 patients and healthcare workers / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#Shelter hospital was an alternative way to provide large-scale medical isolation and treatment for people with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to various reasons, patients admitted to the large shelter hospital was reported high level of psychological distress, so did the healthcare workers. This study aims to introduce a comprehensive and multifaceted psychosocial crisis intervention model.@*METHODS@#The psychosocial crisis intervention model was provided to 200 patients and 240 healthcare workers in Wuhan Wuchang shelter hospital. Patient volunteers and organized peer support, client-centered culturally sensitive supportive care, timely delivery of scientific information about COVID-19 and its complications, mental health knowledge acquisition of non-psychiatric healthcare workers, group activities, counseling and education, virtualization of psychological intervention, consultation and liaison were exhibited respectively in the model. Pre-service survey was done in 38 patients and 49 healthcare workers using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2) scale, and the Primary Care PTSD screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (PC-PTSD-5). Forty-eight healthcare workers gave feedback after the intervention.@*RESULTS@#The psychosocial crisis intervention model was successfully implemented by 10 mental health professionals and was well-accepted by both patients and healthcare workers in the shelter hospital. In pre-service survey, 15.8% of 38 patients were with anxiety, 55.3% were with stress, and 15.8% were with depression; 16.3% of 49 healthcare workers were with anxiety, 26.5% were with stress, and 22.4% were with depression. In post-service survey, 62.5% of 48 healthcare workers thought it was very practical, 37.5% thought more practical; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to relief anxiety and insomnia, and 27.1% thought much helpful; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to recognize patients with anxiety and insomnia, and 29.2% thought much helpful; 35.4% of them thought it was very helpful to deal with patients' anxiety and insomnia, and 37.5% thought much helpful.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Psychological crisis intervention is feasible, acceptable, and associated with positive outcomes. Future tastings of this model in larger population and different settings are warranted.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of Omicron epidemic in Guang’an / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To analyze the clinical characteristics of the Guang’an Omicron epidemic and summarize the management experiences and practices in pandemic prevention and control of major infectious diseases. Methods     Retrospective analysis was performed on patients infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19), afterwards treated and observed in the isolation ward of Guang’an People’s Hospital and the shelter of Guang’an City from May 9 to June 26, 2022. The characteristics of patients at different age stages and the related factors affecting the severity, re-positive and negative conversion was analyzed. Results     Finally 1 278 patients were collected, including 508 males and 770 females, with an average age of 41.3±22.6 years. Among them, 1 054 patients were asymptomatic carriers. The overall severe rate was 0.86%, the severe rate of the high-risk group was 3.06%. The median negative conversion time was 10.0 days and re-positive rate was 7.36%. Patients aged>60 years were 2.589 times more likely to have a longer negative conversion time than those aged≤60 years (95%CI 1.921-3.489, P<0.001). Conclusion     The clinical characteristics of Guang’an COVID-19 epidemic are mainly that the elderly with high risk factors are more likely to develop severe cases, have longer clearance time, and re-positve is more likely to occur.

SHELTER FOR URBAN HOMELESS, A STUDY: IMPACTS, INFLUENCE AND EFFECTS UNDER DEENDAYAL ANTYODAYA YOJANA - NATIONAL URBAN LIVELIEHOOD MISSION (DAY-NULM) WITH A SPECIAL FOCUS ON COIMBATORE CITY, TAMIL NADU, INDIA.

A major cause of this huge homeless population is due to the ever increasing trend of urbanization, a process wherein people move in from rural areas to urban ones for various factors. According to 2011 Indian census currently 31.16% of Indian population resides in urban areas up from 11.4% in 1901. Therefore there is a need to address the problem of urban homelessness immediately. As Tamilnadu has the highest population of urban dweller in proportion to population, it has a signi?cant issue of urban infrastructure especially urban housing. This study focuses on the implementation of the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana- National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM) in the Municipal Corporation of Coimbatore with a special focus on the shelter for urban homeless. This study aims to ?nd out the effects of four such shelters on the individual, the community, the economy and various other dynamics. Fifty members were randomly chosen and surveyed. The questionnaire was used for collecting data from the residents of the shelter so as to quantify various aspects of life in the shelter were primarily aimed at analyzing three parameters concerning the individual, namely basic characteristics, comfortability in the shelter and emotional comfort after joining the shelter.

O direito à convivência comunitária nos serviços de acolhimento institucional: um estudo documental / The right to community coexistence in institutional shelter services: a documental study / El derecho a la convivencia comunitaria en instituicón de acojida: un estudio documental

Objetivou-se refletir sobre o direito à convivência comunitária de crianças e adolescentes em acolhimento institucional, a partir da discussão de como o documento "Orientações Técnicas para os Serviços de Acolhimento de Crianças e Adolescentes" aborda o tema. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, com caráter descritivoexploratório e abordagem quanti-qualitativa dos dados. A análise foi realizada a partir do processamento dos dados pelo software IRaMuTeQ para posterior aplicação da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Entre os principais resultados, a convivência comunitária é apresentada como um direito fundamental, imperativa à convivência familiar. Também a utilização dos equipamentos comunitários pelas crianças e adolescentes e as ações de fortalecimento dos vínculos e interação com a comunidade são destacadas no documento. O documento se firma como instrumento do direito e da política em prol da convivência comunitária, o que significa considerar aspectos cognitivos, emocionais e comportamentais dos sujeitos envolvidos em qualquer decisão nessa área.

The aim of this paper was to reflect on the right to community coexistence of children and adolescents under institutional care, based on the discussion of how the document "Technical Guidelines for Children and Adolescents Shelter Services" addresses the issue. This is a documentary research, with a descriptive-exploratory character and quantitative-qualitative approach to the data. The analysis was performed from data processing by the IRaMuTeQ software, for later application of content analysis technique. Among the main results, community coexistence is presented as a fundamental right, imperative to family coexistence. The use of community facilities by children and adolescents and actions to strengthen ties and interaction with the community are also highlighted in the document. The document establishes itself as an instrument of law and policy in favor of community coexistence, which means considering cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects of the subjects involved in any decision in this area.

El objetivo fue reflexionar sobre el derecho a la convivencia comunitaria de niños y adolescentes en recepción institucional, basado en la discusión del documento "Directrices técnicas para los servicios de recepción de niños y adolescentes". Es una investigación documental, descriptivo-exploratorio y cuantitativa-cualitativa de los datos. El análisis se realizó a partir del procesamiento de datos por el software IRaMuTeQ, para la aplicación posterior de la técnica de análisis de contenido. La convivencia comunitaria se presenta como un derecho fundamental, imperativo para la convivencia familiar. En el documento se destaca el uso de equipos comunitarios por parte de niños y adolescentes y acciones para fortalecer los lazos y la interacción con la comunidad. El documento demuestra ser un instrumento de ley y política a favor de la convivencia comunitaria, ya que considera los aspectos cognitivos, emocionales y de comportamiento de los sujetos involucrados en cualquier decisión en esta área.

Vaccination principles for dogs and cats in animal shelters / Princípios da vacinação de cães e gatos em abrigos

Animal shelters are places with a high risk of exposure to infectious diseases due to the high density, population dynamics of the shelter, and the stress to which dogs and cats are subjected. The immunization process through vaccines is an essential component in the prevention and health and welfare management program for these animals. This review aims to evaluate the guidelines on vaccination of dogs and cats in shelter environments, highlighting points of comparison with the Brazilian reality.(AU)

Os abrigos de animais são locais com um alto risco de exposição às doenças infecciosas devido à alta densidade, à dinâmica populacional do abrigo e ao estresse a que os cães e gatos estão submetidos. O processo de imunização por meio das vacinas é um componente essencial no programa de prevenção e gestão de saúde e bem-estar para esses animais. Esta revisão tem como objetivo revisar as diretrizes sobre a vacinação de cães e gatos em ambientes de abrigos, ressaltando pontos de comparação com a realidade brasileira.(AU)

Time phased scheduling and Disease grading management to achieve efficient rescue of batches of COVID-19 infected patients in shelter hospital / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To introduce how to quickly set up a doctor team to achieve efficient treatment of batchs COVID-19 patients in Changchun GongTi shelter hospital.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the basic situation of the doctors who supported the Changchun Gongti shelter hospital. The workload is the total number of patients from April 3 to 28, 2022. At the beginning of the task, the first week and the third week of the task, the five point scoring method was used to reflect the doctor's physical and mental state, stress state and rescue achievement. The time phased scheduling and disease grading management were fully implemented after 10 days of operation in the shelter. The doctors' ward round efficiency and self scoring changes before and after the implementation of the plan were compared, and the rescue results were summarized.Results:Total of 56 doctors (the Sichuan medical assistance team to Changchun), who undertook the work of Changchun Gongti shelter Hospital, came from 12 professional departments of 14 hospitals. By internal and external linkage-time phased scheduling and information-based patient zoning and grading management, the admission time of batch patients was shortened from (14.64±10.09) min to (6.80±5.10) min per person( P<0.05), the number of patients that each doctor can view per hour ranges from (28.50±12.26) to (68.43±19.95) ( P<0.01). A total of 1 293 patients were treated. There were no deaths, no accidents and no mild illness to severe illness in shelter hospital. 35 doctors completed a continuous survey. Before and after the implementation of those measures, the average physical state scores and the psychological state scores of doctors improved ( P=0.03), the self-score of stress feeling decreased ( P<0.01), and the self-score of professional achievement increased ( P<0.01). Conclusions:To adapt to the characteristics of emergency treatment for batch COVID-19 patients, the internal and external linkage-time phased scheduling and information-based patient zoning and grading management could help the temporarily convened doctors deal with a large number of patients efficiently, reduce work stress and exposure risk in shelter hospital.

Structural Characteristics and Functions of Significant Social Networks of Women Who Have Stayed in Shelters / Características Estruturais e Funções das Redes Sociais Significativas de Mulheres Ex-Abrigadas

Abstract The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the structural characteristics and functions of the significant social networks of women subjected to violence, after their stay in a shelter. Six women admitted to a shelter in southern Brazil participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews and Network Maps were used for data collection. Data were organized and analyzed according to Grounded Theory, using the software Atlas.ti 7.0. Medium and large networks were found, with a high degree of affective proximity and the predominance of family members. The main functions were Emotional Support, and Cognitive Guidance and Advice. Participants were considerably empowered by reactivating their significant social networks and resignifying the quality of their relational bond with them.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo qualitativo foi compreender as características estruturais e funções das redes sociais significativas de mulheres que sofreram violência, após a passagem por uma casa-abrigo. Participaram seis mulheres que haviam sido acolhidas numa casa-abrigo da região Sul do Brasil. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada e o Mapa de Redes. A organização e análise dos dados ocorreram com base na Grounded Theory e contou com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti 7.0. Observaram-se redes de tamanho médio e grande, com maior grau de proximidade afetiva e predomínio de membros da família. As principais funções foram apoio emocional e guia cognitivo e de conselhos. Destaca-se o empoderamento das participantes em reativar e ressignificar a qualidade do vínculo relacional com suas redes sociais significativas.

Practice and exploration in the co-building of culture at large shelter hospitals by doctors and patients / 中华医院管理杂志

Hospital culture plays an important role in the orderly operation of large shelter hospitals as well as epidemic prevention and control.From April to May 2022, the shelter hospital of the National Convention and Exhibition Center(Shanghai) had created the large shelter hospital culture co-built by doctors and patients with a greater sense of belonging by taking measures such as joint party building between doctors and patients, giving play to the vanguard force of party members, carrying out various forms of cultural, sports and science popularization activities, encouraging enthusiastic patients to participate in activity planning, focusing on key groups, formulating shelter " residents convention", and so on. These measures ultimately formed cultural adaptation, cultural synchronization and cultural shaping, which were conducive to enhancing the empathy of doctors and patients, improving the effectiveness of medical implementation, and promoting the standardization of shelter management system. This harmonious, warm and autonomous culture co-built by doctors and patients effectively ensures the safe and orderly operation of the shelter hospital, and provides reference for the construction of the cultural system of large shelter hospitals in China.

Ser e estar em refúgio: o processo grupal em uma intervenção de cuidado de equipe / Being and staying at a shelter: the group process in a work team support intervention / Ser y estar en refugio: el proceso grupal en una intervención de cuidado de equipo

O trabalho é uma reflexão crítica sobre uma intervenção realizada no Centro Nocturno (Albergue) do Programa de Atención a Personas en Situación de Calle (PASC), do Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (MIDES, Uruguai) que visa à reinserção sociocultural/laboral dos usuários. Trabalhou-se com a equipe do albergue (coordenador, técnicos e educadores), a partir de uma demanda da Coordenação do Albergue ao Departamento de Fotolinguagem da Asociación de Psicopatología y Psiquiatría de la Infancia y la Adolescencia (APPIA). A metodologia combinou Fotolinguagem, Palavra e Psicodrama. O discurso dos participantes foi analisado salvaguardando a identidade dos participantes. Surgiram elementos que colocavam em risco a saúde ocupacional. Estes resultavam de uma tarefa altamente exigente, com insuficientes antecedentes e recursos disponíveis no sistema institucional. Trata-se de um trabalho pioneiro que exige a convivência com o erro em situações extremas. Foi observado um aumento da autoconfiança para desbravar um território desafiador. Foi valorizado o ato de fazer, de transcender e de criar saberes, assim como o conhecimento que surge da experiência para contribuir e trocar ideias com outras instituições e melhorar assim os programas de intervenção.

This work is a critical reflection on an intervention carried out at a night shelter of the Homeless Assistance Program (PASC), under the Ministry of Social Development (MIDES), aimed at the socio-cultural/labour reintegration of the users. The intervention was carried out with the work team (coordinator, technicians and educators) upon request of the Coordinator to the Photolanguage Department of the Uruguayan Association of Psychopathology and Psychiatry of Children and Adolescents (APPIA). The methodology articulated Photolanguage, words and Psychodrama. The discourse of the participants was analyzed without disclosing their identities. There were working conditions that jeopardized their occupational health; they involved a very demanding job combined with a lack of background and resources in the institutional system. It is a pioneering work that requires coping with error in extreme situations. Participants experienced an increase in their self-confidence which was necessary to open new pathways in a challenging territory. Participants placed value on hands-on experience, on going beyond what was already accomplished by creating new knowledge that can contribute to enhance the interaction with other professionals and institutions to improve future programs.

El trabajo es una reflexión crítica sobre una intervención en un Centro Nocturno (Refugio) del Programa de Atención a Personas en Situación de Calle (PASC) del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (MIDES), cuyo objetivo es la reinserción socio-cultural/laboral de los usuarios. Se trabajó con el equipo del Centro (coordinador, técnicos y educadores) por demanda de la Coordinación del Centro al Departamento de Fotolenguaje de la Asociación de Psicopatología y Psiquiatría de la Infancia y la Adolescencia (APPIA). La metodología articuló Fotolenguaje, Palabra y Psicodrama. Se analizó el discurso de los participantes salvaguardando la identidad de los mismos. Surgieron elementos que ponen en riesgo la salud laboral, y que se generaron por tarea altamente exigente con escasos antecedentes y recursos disponibles en el sistema institucional. Es un trabajo pionero que exige la convivencia con el error en situaciones límites. Se observó un aumento de la auto-confianza para abrir caminos en un terreno desafiante. Se valora el hacer, trascender y crear saberes, así como el conocimiento que surge de la experiencia para intercambiar con otras instituciones para mejorar los programas de intervención.

Como vaga-lumes na escuridão: histórias de adolescentes em instituição de acolhimento / Como luciérnagas en la oscuridad: historias de adolescentes en una institución de acogida / As fireflies in the darkness: stories about adolescents in the shelter care

O artigo apresenta e analisa histórias de vida produzidas a partir de uma experiência realizada com meninas adolescentes em uma instituição do Sul do Brasil. A pesquisa buscou compreender como essas jovens em situação de acolhimento institucional atribuem sentidos às suas vivências e quais processos de subjetivação estão implicados nesses sujeitos marcados pela infâmia. O trabalho está articulado à esfera da Proteção Social Especial e faz uso de algumas chaves de leitura de Michel Foucault para pensar as experiências vivenciadas pelas adolescentes, bem como as relações que atravessam grande parte das instituições de acolhimento brasileiras. Faremos esse exercício analítico com o uso da governamentalidade e da subjetivação. Para compor as histórias de vida inspiradas nos encontros desenvolvidos com as duas participantes da pesquisa, utilizamos o método da cartografia, desenvolvido por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. A partir desta experiência, problematizamos os efeitos do processo de acolhimento institucional e fomos desafiadas pelas outras possibilidades de resistência e de produção de subjetividades na adolescência.(AU)

The article presents and analyses life stories produced from an experience with adolescents in an institution in Southern Brazil. The research sought to understand how these young people living in out-of-home care attribute meanings to their experiences, and which ways of subjectivation are implicated in these blokes marked by infamy. The work is articulated to the sphere of Special Social Protection and makes use of some keys of reading of Michel Foucault to think about the experiences lived by these adolescents, as well as the relations that cross great part of the Brazilian shelter cares. We will do this analytical exercise with the use of governmentality and subjectivation. To compose the life stories inspired by the meetings developed with the two participants of the research, we used the method of cartography, developed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. From this experience, we problematize the effects of the shelter care process and are challenged by the other possibilities of resistance and the production of subjectivities in adolescence.(AU)

El artículo presenta y analiza historias de vida producidas a partir de una experiencia realizada con chicas adolescentes en una institución del sur de Brasil. La investigación buscó comprender cómo estas mujeres jóvenes en situaciones de acogimiento institucional atribuyen significados a sus vivencias y qué procesos de subjetivación están involucrados en estos sujetos marcados por la infamia. El trabajo está vinculado al ámbito de la Protección Social Especial y hace uso de algunas claves de lectura de Michel Foucault para reflexionar sobre las vivencias vividas por las chicas adolescentes, así como las relaciones que permean la mayoría de las instituciones de acogida brasileñas. Haremos este ejercicio analítico utilizando la gobernamentalidad y subjetivación. Para componer las historias de vida inspiradas en los encuentros desarrollados con dos participantes de la investigación, utilizamos el método de la cartografía, desarrollado por Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari. A partir de esta experiencia, problematizamos los efectos del proceso de acogimiento institucional y fuimos desafiados por otras posibilidades de resistencia y producción de subjetividades en la adolescencia.(AU)

Condiciones sanitarias del albergue "COPACO" del bañado norte de Asunción, Paraguay (2018) / Sanitary conditions of the "COPACO" quarantine facility in the northern riverside slum of Asuncion, Paraguay (2018)

Los migrantes son más susceptibles a las enfermedades infecciosas, por las malas condiciones sanitarias donde viven. El objetivo fue describir las condiciones sanitarias del albergue "COPACO" del Bañado Norte en el 2018. Estudio descriptivo, transversal y temporalmente prospectivo. Fueron georreferenciados, ubicación y cantidad de grifos, sanitarios, desechos no biológicos, y medidas las distancias entre el agua potable y los desechos. Se evaluó el acceso y calidad del agua potable almacenada y fueron encuestadas las familias para conocer las enfermedades más prevalentes. Las referencias fueron las establecidas en el Manual ESFERA. Fueron contabilizadas 481 familias (2,405 personas); censados 22 baños químicos, 25 grifos, 5 puestos de ducha y 4 puntos de acumulación de desechos. El rango de distancia entre los baños y los 4 grifos más cercanos fue de 1 a 78 m, promedio 28 m. La distancia promedio entre el acúmulo de basura y los 4 grifos más cercanos fue de 21,1 m, rango 1 a 35 m. Cada grifo fue utilizado por 96 personas, 60% (9) de las familias almacenaban agua. Un baño móvil, con retrete y sin ducha era utilizado por 109 personas. Los baños eran unisex (mixtos) y carecían de fuente de agua y se improvisaron 5 puestos para ducharse, de utilización familiar. Fueron encuestadas 15 familias (3,1%). El promedio de estadía 33,3 días, 3 familias acusaron padecer de vómito, fiebre, diarrea y dolor dental. Los resultados pueden orientar a las autoridades sobre las futuras acciones a realizar para salvaguardar la salud de la población migrante

Migrants are more susceptible to infectious diseases, due to the poor sanitary conditions they live in. The objective of this work was to describe the sanitary conditions of the "COPACO" shelter in Bañado Norte (North Slum) in 2018. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and temporally prospective study. The location and quantity of taps, toilets, non-biological waste were georeferenced, and the distances between drinking water and garbage were measured. Access and quality of stored drinking water were evaluated and families were surveyed to find out the most prevalent diseases. The references were those established in the SPHERE handbook. The number of families counted were 481 (2,405 people), 22 chemical toilets, 25 taps, 5 shower stalls and 4 garbage accumulation points were registered. The distance range between the toilets and the 4 closest taps was 1 to 78 m, average 28 m. The average distance between the garbage accumulation points and the 4 closest taps was 21.1 m, the range was 1 to 35 m. Each tap was used by 96 people, while 60% (9) of the families store water. A portable bathroom, with a toilet and without a shower, was used by 109 people. The bathrooms were unisex (mixed) and lacked a water source and 5 stalls were improvised for showering, for family use. Fifteen families were surveyed (3.1%). The average stay in the facilities was 33.3 days, and 3 families reported suffering from vomiting, fever, diarrhea and dental pain. The results can guide authorities on future actions to be taken to safeguard the health of the migrant population

Representações sociais da devolução na adoção: tensionamentos e estratégias possíveis¹ / Social representations of disruption in adoption: tensioning and possible strategies / Representaciones sociales de la devolución en la adopción: tensiones y posibles estrategias

A concepção da adoção vem se transformando ao longo dos tempos. Apesar de ser uma medida irrevogável, a devolução de crianças e/ou adolescentes na adoção é recorrente. A devolução é o ato de desistência da adoção feito por parte dos adotantes, no qual as crianças ou adolescentes sofrem um novo rompimento de vínculos e retornam às instituições de acolhimento. A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo de compreender as representações sociais sobre a devolução de crianças e adolescentes na adoção para profissionais do Poder Judiciário e do Acolhimento Institucional. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo que consistiu em entrevistas em profundidade com 30 profissionais. A análise de dados foi realizada com o auxílio do programa informático IRaMuTeQ. Como resultados, foram identificadas as dimensões constituintes das representações sociais da devolução na adoção e peculiaridades nos enunciados de profissionais no Acolhimento Institucional quando comparados aos profissionais do Poder Judiciário.

The concept of adoption has been changing over time. Despite being an irrevocable measure, the return of children and / or adolescents during adoption is recurrent. The disruption is the act of abandonment of the adoption made by the adopters and in these cases, these children or adolescents suffer a new rupture of bonds and return to the host institutions. The present research had the objective to understand the social representations about the disruption of children and adolescents during adoption to professionals of the Judiciary and Shelters. A qualitative study was carried out, which consisted of in-depth interview with 30 professionals. Data analysis was performed with the aid of IRaMuTeQ software. As a result, the constituent dimensions of the social representations of devolution in adoption and peculiarities in the statements of professionals in Shelters were identified when compared to professionals from the Judiciary.

El concepto de adopción ha ido cambiando con el tiempo. A pesar de ser una medida irrevocable, el devolución de los niños y / o adolescentes en adopción es recurrente. El devolución es el acto de abandono de la adopción realizada por los adoptantes y en estos casos, estos niños sufren una nueva ruptura de lazos y regresan a las instituciones de acogida. La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de comprender las representaciones sociales sobre el devolución de niños y adolescentes en adopción a profesionales del Poder Judicial y la Instituciones de Acogida. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo en el que se entrevistó a 30 sujetos en profundidad. El análisis de datos se realizó con la ayuda del software IRaMuTeQ. Como resultado, se identificaron las dimensiones constitutivas de las representaciones sociales de la devolución en la adopción y las peculiaridades en las declaraciones de los profesionales en Instituciones de Acogida en comparación con los profesionales del Poder Judicial.

Cuidado a los adolescentes institucionalizados: perspectiva de las madres cuidadoras

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir el cuidado a los adolescentes institucionalizados desde la perspectiva de madres cuidadoras en un centro de atención residencial de Chiclayo, Perú. Material y Método: Investigación cualitativa descriptiva, con muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia y saturación, cuyas participantes, previo consentimiento informado, fueron 10 madres cuidadoras de un centro de atención residencial y a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada, validada mediante juicio de tres expertos. El rigor se sustentó en los criterios de credibilidad, auditabilidad y transferibilidad. Resultados: Se identificaron 3 categorías: a) Cumplimiento de los requerimientos nutricionales y monitorización de la higiene personal, b) Afecto y comunicación asertiva para reeducar en valores y c) Apoyo en las tareas del rol de la vida diaria. Conclusión: Las madres cuidadoras asumen la función como lo haría una madre biológica, coordinando con todos los profesionales que allí trabajan, y en equipo intentan formar o reformar a un adolescente separado de su familia consanguínea por orden judicial al carecer de un entorno favorable para su crecimiento y desarrollo. De este modo realizan un conjunto de actividades para satisfacer las necesidades primordiales y afectivas, inculcan disciplina y valores, y el cumplimiento del rol diario de vida para su autosuperación. También propician actividades recreativas y deportivas. Incluso hay indicios que fortalecen la fe a través de la oración y actúa para coordinar siempre con todos los profesionales que allí trabajan, en especial con la enfermera, quien es la responsable de velar por la salud integral de estos adolescentes.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the care for institutionalized adolescents from the perspective of caregiving women in a residential care center in Chiclayo, Peru. Material and Method: Descriptive qualitative research, with non-probabilistic sampling, using convenience and saturation. Participants consisted of 10 caregiving women of a residential care center, who signed prior informed consent and responded a semi-structured interview validated by three experts. Rigor was based on the criteria of credibility, auditability and transferability. Results: 3 categories were identified: a) Compliance with nutritional requirements and monitoring of personal hygiene, b) Affection and assertive communication to re-educate in values and c) Support in daily life tasks. Conclusion: Caregivers act as biological mothers, coordinating with other professionals working at the care center. They try to educate or re-educate an adolescent separated from his or her biological family after a court ruling decision due to lack of a favorable environment for his or her growth and development. In this way, they carry out different activities to satisfy the primary and affective needs, instill discipline and values, as well as encourage self-improvement through daily tasks. They also promote recreational and sports activities. There are even indications that caregivers strengthen faith through prayer and work in coordination with other professionals, especially with the nurses who are responsible for the general health of adolescents.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o cuidado a adolescentes institucionalizados na perspectiva de cuidadores de um centro residencial de saúde em Chiclayo, Peru. Material e Método: Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, com amostragem não probabilística, por conveniência e saturação, cujos participantes, com consentimento informado prévio, foram 10 cuidadores de um centro de assistência residencial e aos quais foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada, validada por julgamento de três especialistas. O rigor baseou-se nos critérios de credibilidade, auditabilidade e transferibilidade. Resultados: Foram identificadas 3 categorias: a) Cumprimento das necessidades nutricionais e acompanhamento da higiene pessoal, b) Afeto e comunicação assertiva para reeducar em valores e c) Apoio nas tarefas do papel da vida diária. Conclusão: As mães cuidadoras assumem o papel de mãe biológica, articulandose com todos os profissionais que ali atuam, e em equipe procuram formar ou reformar o adolescente separado de sua família consanguínea por ordem judicial por falta de um ambiente favorável para seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Dessa forma, realizam um conjunto de atividades para a satisfação das necessidades primordiais e afetivas, inculcam disciplina e valores, e o cumprimento do papel cotidiano da vida para o seu crescimento pessoal. Eles também promovem atividades recreativas e esportivas. Há até sinais que fortalecem a fé por meio da oração e agem em articulação sempre com todos os profissionais que ali trabalham, principalmente com o enfermeiro, que é responsável por zelar pela saúde integral desses adolescentes.

Epidemiology of COVID-19 cases diagnosed at quarantine facilities in Paraguay / Epidemiologia dos casos de COVID-19 diagnosticados nas instalações de quarentena no Paraguai

Aims: This study aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 cases diagnosed inquarantine facilities in Paraguay. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, temporarily retrospective study. The time scope was from April 1 to September 30 2020. The variables were sex, age and administrative departments. The open access data available on the website of the Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare was used. Frequencies expressed in percentages and the Chi square value were calculated to observe the statistically significant differences between cases and age and sex. Results: from April 4 to September 30 2020, 1.581 cases were diagnosed in COVID-19. The fewest number of positive cases were reported in April (50) and the highest number was reported in May (628). From the total, 69.6% (1.101) were male, (male / female ratio 2.3), 42.1% (666) were aged between 20-29 years, the average age was 30.23 years (range 0 to 87, standard deviation 14.66. 95% CI 1.5 - 58.95). The departments with the highest number of cases were Caaguazú 21.7 % (343), Alto Paraná 17.3 % (274), Central 13.3% (210) and Asunción 11.4% (180). The least number of cases of COVID-10 in women were registered in the Departments of Amambay, Pdte. Hayes, Ñeembucú and Boquerón, and in men the Departments of Ñeembucú and Boquerón. The largest number of male cases were registered in Caaguazú 70.8% (243), Alto Paraná 66.1% (181), Central 69.5% (146) and Asunción 68.9% (124). The number of Covid-19 infected people in quarantine facilities presented statistically significant differences between the variables sex and age. Conclusion: the quarantine facilities are one of the measures that the Paraguayan government needed to avoid the rapid spread and dispersion of the virus. The epidemiology of the cases diagnosed in them corresponds to what was expected according to the characteristics of the country.

Objetivo: descrever as características epidemiológicas dos casos de COVID-19 diagnosticados em instalações de quarentena no Paraguai. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, transversal, temporalmente retrospectivo. Quanto ao âmbito temporal foi considerado o período de 1 de abril a 31 de setembro de 2020. As variáveis analisadas foram: sexo, idade e Departamentos Administrativos. Foram utilizados dados abertos de acesso público que estão disponíveis na página oficial do Ministério da Saúde Pública e Bem-Estar Social. Foram calculadas frequências expressadas em porcentagem e aplicado o teste de qui-quadrado para ver diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os casos, idade e sexo. Resultados: De 4 de abril a 30 de setembro de 2020, foram diagnosticados 1.581 casos de COVID-19. Em abril houve a menor quantidade de casos positivos (50) e em maio a maior quantidade (628). 69.6% (1.101) foram em indivíduos do sexo masculino (relação homem/mulher de 2,3). 42.1% (666) tinham idade compreendida entre 20-29 anos, com uma média de 30.23 anos (classificação 0 a 87, desvio padrão 14,66, IC 95% 1.5 ­ 58.95). Os Departamentos com maior número de casos foram 21.7 % (343), Alto Paraná 17.3 % (274), Central 13.3% (210) e Assunção 11.4% (180). O menor número de casos de COVID-19 em mulheres foi registado nos Departamentos de Amambay, Pdte. Hayes, Ñeembucú e Boquerón, e nos homens, os Departamentos de Ñeembucú e Boquerón. A maior quantidade de casos no sexo masculino foi registrado em Caaguazú 70.8% (243), Alto Paraná 66.1% (181), Central 69.5% (146) e Assunção 68.9% (124). O número de infectados por COVID-19 nos albergues apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis sexo e idade. Conclusão: Os abrigos temporários são uma das importantes medidas adotadas pelo governo paraguaio para evitar a rápida dispersão e propagação do vírus. A epidemiologia dos casos neles diagnosticados correspondem às esperadas para as características do país.

A perspectiva de futuro no contexto da adolescência em acolhimento institucional / The future perspective in the context of adolescence in institutional shelter

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre como a perspectiva de futuro tem incidido nos adolescentes em acolhimento institucional. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica de artigos científicos e livros, utilizando-se os aportes psicanalíticos de D. W. Winnicott para a reflexão teórica. A perspectiva de futuro foi pensada pela noção de esperança, indicando a busca pela reparação de lacunas impostas pelo ambiente provedor. Os conceitos de esperança e regressão são centrais para evidenciar a possibilidade de retomada do amadurecimento saudável. Verificou-se que a esperança e a perspectiva de futuro são fatores protetivos nessa população. Também a manutenção do convívio familiar e comunitário, os vínculos afetivos na instituição e o vislumbre profissional favorecem a crença em um futuro construtivo, podendo ser moderadores dos impactos negativos.

This article aims to reflect on how the future perspective has focused on adolescents in institutional shelter. A bibliographical review of scientific articles and books was performed, using D. W. Winnicott's psychoanalytical contributions for theoretical reflection. The future perspective was conceived by the notion of hope, indicating the search for the repair of gaps imposed by the provider environment. The concepts of hope and regression are central to highlighting the possibility of resuming healthy maturation. Hope and future prospects were found to be protective factors in this population. The maintenance of family and community life, the affective bonds in the institution and the professional glimpse also favor the belief in a constructive future and may be moderators of negative impacts.

Periodontal disease and its complications in cats from a shelter in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul / Doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos de um abrigo na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul

Periodontal disease is the most common infectious disease that occurs in feline patients. Although it occurs in both sexes, different age groups, and any breeds, the prevalence and severity seem much higher in cats living in animal shelters. This paper aimed to describe the clinical, radiological, cytopathological, and virological aspects of periodontal disease and its complications in cats, based on these aspects and, consequently, on the importance it brings to cat feline medicine in shelter cats. For this, nine cats with periodontal disease from a single animal shelter were evaluated. These cats demonstrated a disease characterized by halitosis, excessive salivation, and oral discomfort. Lymphadenomegaly of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes was observed in 44.4% of the cases. Oral lesions consisted of varying degrees of gingival hyperemia, complete loss of free gingival margins, and consequently gingival retraction, dental calculus deposition, dental mobility, complete exposure of the furcation of premolars and molars, and dental roots of canines and incisors, loss of bone radiopacity due to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Complications included chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (22.2%), faucitis (22.2%), and chronic gingivostomatitis (11.1%). None of the cats affected by periodontal disease was positive for FIV or FeLV. In 33.3% of the cases, cats were carriers of feline calicivirus, but not feline herpesvirus.(AU)

Doença periodontal é a mais comum doença infecciosa que ocorre em pacientes felinos. Embora ocorra em gatos de ambos os sexos, diferentes faixas etárias e quaisquer raças, a prevalência e a gravidade parece muito maior em gatos que vivem em abrigos para animais. Baseado nesses aspectos e, consequentemente, na importância que ela traz para a medicina felina de gatos de abrigos, o objetivo desse artigo é descrever os aspectos clínicos, radiológicos, citopatológicos e virológicos da doença periodontal e suas complicações em gatos. Para isso, nove gatos com doença periodontal oriundos de um único abrigo de animais foram avaliados. Esses gatos demonstraram uma doença caracterizada por halitose, salivação excessiva e desconforto oral. Linfadenomegalia dos linfonodos mandibulares e retrofaríngeos foi observada em 44,4% dos casos. As lesões orais consistiam de graus variados de hiperemia gengival, perda completa das margens gengivais livres e, consequentemente, retração gengival, deposição de cálculo dental, mobilidade dentária, exposição completa da furca dos pré-molares e molares e das raízes dentárias dos caninos e incisivos, perda de radiopacidade óssea devido à reabsorção de osso alveolar e perda dentária. Complicações incluíram estomatite paradental ulcerativa crônica (22,2%), faucite (22,2%) e gengivoestomatite crônica (11,1%). Nenhum dos gatos afetados pela doença periodontal foi positivo para FIV ou FeLV. Em 33,3% dos casos, os gatos eram portadores do calicivírus felino, mas não do herpesvírus felino.(AU)

Violência contra a mulher e casaabrigo: reconstrução do projeto de vida de mulheres brasileiras ex-abrigadas / Violence Against Women and Shelter: Reconstruction of Life Project of Ex-Sheltered Brazilian Women

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa qualitativa foi compreender a influência da passagem por uma casa-abrigo na reconstrução do projeto de vida de mulheres brasileiras ex-abrigadas por situação de violência extrema. Foram entrevistadas, em dois momentos, seis mulheres que estiveram abrigadas em uma casa-abrigo da região Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram organizados e analisados com base na Grounded Theory e com auxílio do software Atlas.ti 7.0. Os resultados mostraram que durante a passagem pela casa-abrigo houve dificuldades iniciais, tais como sensação de aprisionamento, dificuldade de adaptação às regras e o fato de não terem notícias do que acontecia fora do local. Por outro lado, as participantes mencionaram que a experiência de abrigamento foi um momento de aprendizado, reflexões e desenvolvimento da autonomia e autoconfiança. Isto as auxiliou na reconstrução dos seus projetos de vida em nível relacional, afetivo, profissional e de saúde, desenvolvendo estratégias para enfrentar situações difíceis em seu cotidiano. Considera-se necessário o aperfeiçoamento das políticas públicas por meio da criação de espaços efetivos nas casas-abrigo que forneçam elementos para a reconstrução dos projetos de vida das mulheres e do seu acompanhamento após saírem da casa-abrigo, visando à prevenção da violência.

Abstract The aim of this qualitative research was to analyze the influence of the passage for a shelter in the process of reconstruction of life project of ex-sheltered women ex-sheltered by situation of extreme violence. A group of six women who were housed in a shelter were interviewed. Data analysis was performed through the Grounded Theory together with Atlas.ti 7.0 software. The results showed that in the passage through the shelter there were initial difficulties, such as a feeling of imprisonment, difficulty in adapting to the rules and the not knowing about what happened outside the place. On the other hand, the participants mentioned that the shelter experience was a moment of learning, reflections and development of autonomy and self-confidence. This assisted them in the reconstruction of their life projects in relational, affective, professional and health level, developing strategies to face difficult situations in their daily life. It is necessary to improve public policies through the development of effective spaces in shelters that provide elements for the reconstruction of women's life projects and their follow-up after leaving the shelter with a view to preventing violence.

A reinstitucionalização de crianças e adolescentes na região oeste de Natal/RN / The reinstitutionalization of children and adolescents in the west of Natal-RN / La reinstitucionalización de niños y adolescentes en la región oeste de Natal/RN

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a incidência de casos de reinstitucionalização de crianças e adolescentes e discutir como a política de atendimento a essa população está organizada para fortalecer a função protetiva da família. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa documental em bancos de dados oficiais. Estes dados foram posteriormente categorizados e analisados à luz dos princípios da Doutrina da Proteção Integral. Nas análises documentais foram encontradas 81 Guias de Acolhimento que apontavam a reinstitucionalização. Destas, 34,6% referiam-se a acolhidos cujas famílias eram oriundas da Região Administrativa Oeste. Os dados apontam que a reinstitucionalização das crianças e adolescentes pode possuir forte relação com a situação de pobreza e ausência do Estado na proposição de políticas públicas efetivas.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the incidence of cases of new institutionalization of children and adolescents and to discuss how the policy of attending to this population is organized to strengthen the family's protective function. For this, a documentary research was carried out in official databases. These data were later categorized and analyzed. In the documentary analyzes were found 81 Guidance Reception that pointed to the new institutionalization. Of these, 34.6% referred to foster families whose families came from the Western Administrative Region. The data indicate that the new institutionalization of children and adolescents may have a strong relationship with the situation of poverty and absence of the State in proposing effective public policies.

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la incidencia de casos de reinstitucionalización de niños y adolescentes y discutir cómo la política de atención a esa población está organizada para fortalecer la función protectora de la familia. Para eso, se realizó una investigación documental en bases de datos oficiales. En los análisis documentales se encontraron 81 Guías de Acogimiento que apuntaban a la reinstitucionalización. De estas, el 34,6% se refería a acogidos cuyas familias provenían de la Región Administrativa Oeste. Los datos apuntan que la reinstitucionalización de los niños y adolescentes puede tener una fuerte relación con la situación de pobreza y ausencia del Estado en la propuesta de políticas públicas efectivas.

Impact of sensitization programme on reproductive health awareness among adolescent girls residing in a shelter home (Snehalay) Ahmednagar

Background: Adolescents comprise one-fifth of India's total population. Knowledge on reproductive health at adolescent age is essential to build their foundation of healthy reproductive practices in the future and to lower the risk of sexually transmitted diseases.Methods: An interventional study was done on 51 adolescent girls at a shelter home (Snehalaya). Informed consent was obtained from the concerned authorities. Data was collected by interview technique with the help of a structured questionnaire prepared by literature search. Response of adolescents was recorded through their answers to the questionnaires. Intervention was done in the form of sensitization lecture with the help of audio visuals and educational posters. The same questionnaire was again interviewed and the impact of intervention was assessed. Statistical analysis of data was done using percentage, proportion and appropriate tests of significance.Results: In our study we found the average age of menarche of the girls to be 12-14 years, but as several of the girls came from unhealthy backgrounds, they had several menstrual problems like dysmenorrhea, irregular menses. Three of the girls had not experienced menses after 14 years of age. After the sensitization lecture, 56% of the girls were able to write the names of the reproductive organs in the female genital tract. 85% of the girls were able to name the hazards of teenage pregnancy. All adolescents need access to quality youth-friendly services provided by clinicians trained to work with this population. Sex education programs should offer accurate, comprehensive information while building skills for negotiating sexual behaviors.Conclusions: Hence from our project we identified the unmet need of awareness regarding reproductive health amongst adolescent girls and we tried to meet those needs by providing sensitization.